Calvins blog: 2015

Monday, December 7, 2015

prayer hall of the great mosque

cordola spain
8th- 10th century
hypostyle prayer hall horseshoe arches
adapted from visigoths

mausoleum

mausoleum of the samanids
bukhaea Uzbekistan
10th century
built with squinch square

mihrab mosaic

mihrab from the madrasa imami

isfahan iran

glazed mosaic tile work

verses of koran throughout

umayyad palace

plan for Umayyad palace
Syria spain 750 ce
elaborate baths with roman influence

muqarnas Dome

muqarnas dome

hall of the 2 sisters

Alhambra palace

Granada spain 1354 ce

carved to reflect sunlight

dome of the rock

Jerusalem 687 ce

believed to be where muhameed began journey to heaven

koran

blue koran

from kairouan

9th, 10th century

blue dyed page

christ as pantokrator

Christ as pantokrator
daphni Greece 11th century ce
gigantic icon
judgment to man kind

throne of bishop maximus

san vitale Ravenna Italy 546 ce
ivory
throne

christ savior of souls

Christ icon

late byzantine

tempera linen and silver on wood

archangel michael

Archangel Michael

6th century

ivory

floats infront of architechture

Christ before pilate

rossano gospels
6th century
Vienna genesis

Theodora & attendants

mosaic

san vitale

Ravenna Italy

early bizantine

annunciation

2 sided icon

@ church of virgin perbleptos

Macedonia

14th century

tempera & linen on wood

saint apollinaris

Saint apollinaris amid sheep

in classe

Ravenna Italy 533 ce

apse mosaic

archangel michael icon

Archangel Michael icon

venice Italy 1100 ce

brought to st marks from constantinople

Theotokos and child

Theotokos and childbetween st Theodore and George

6th century icon

encaustic on wood

Kathohkon

monastarey of hosios loukas
distomo, Greece
11th century
byzantine church
exterior wall-decorative patterns

Hagia Sophia

athemius of tralles and isidorus of miletus
aerial view of hagia Sophia
constinantinople, turkey 532
mathematician and physicist built

final exam

Calvin Cagle

Art History

Final Exam

12/7/15

Multiple Choice

1. Among the new Byzantine features that appeared in the mosaics at San Vitale is b____. B)the absence of solid bodies

2. The dome of the Hagia Sophia is supported by _b___. B)pendentives

3. At the Cordoba maqsura, the architects experimented with ____. D)decorative, multilobed arches

4. The Great Mosque at Córdoba has a hypostyle prayer hall with horseshoe-shaped arches adapted from which of the following? B)Visigoths

5. The positioning of all mosques, no matter period or country, must be oriented toward which of the following cities? B)Mecca

6. In the mid-10th century, the eastern part of the Carolingian empire was consolidated under the rule of the ____. C)Franks

7. In the image of Saint Matthew from the Ebbo Gospels, the artist merged classical illusionism with ____. B)the northern linear tradition

8. The symbol of Matthew from the Book of Durrow shows frontal head, profile feet, and a cloak and frame that resemble contemporaneous cloisonné metalwork. Which of the following statements explains this work? B)Wedding the abstraction of early medieval adornment and early Christian and Byzantine pictorial imagery.

Essay Questions: 10 points each. Answer with at least one paragraph.

1. Discuss the consequences of the Iconoclasm and its effect on Early Byzantine art. How did the Iconoclasm affect Middle Byzaitine art? Include in your discussion the reasons for the iconoclasm. Use examples to support your essay. Pages 271–272

Iconoclasm is the destruction of peiecs of art or icons that represent religion or worship. Iconoclasm influenced Byzantine art because so many pieces of art were destroyed, people changed their art so it wouldn’t be destroyed, or their work didn’t last. The iconoclasm happened because Christianity was condemned during that time period. People had to hide the fact that they were Christian. Art work that depicted a Christian god, or jesus Christ was not allowed. Specifically art that depicted Jesus, mary, or the saints.

2. Compare the mosaics of Saint Catherine, Sinai, and San Vitale, Ravenna. What changes have been incorporated into San Vitale, and why? Pages 257, 265–267, and 268–269

The mosaics of Saint Catherine, and Sinai were very simple in deisgn .However, the San Vitale and Ravenna mosaics were elaborate. Changes were incorporated in the mosaics according to the Byzantine Empire. They made changes according to their religion.

3. Compare and contrast the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem with the Mosque of Selim II in Edirne. What are the differences? How do you account for them? Include in your essay the political overtones as well as western artistic influences. Use examples to support your essay. Pages 287–289 and 301–302
The dome of the rock is a shrine located on the Temple mount in Jerusalem. It is an octagon with a large dome on top. The location was a political strike to christians and jews, because it was built near a location that is considered holy by christians and jews. However, the Mosque of Selim II in Edirne was constructed using a pattern of geometric shapes. The mosque served as the capital of the ottoman empire for many years.

4. Critically evaluate the bronze doors of the abbey church at Hildesheim. How did they revive a monumental sculptural tradition? What religious and philosophical components went into the iconographic program? What outside influences are also reflected in these doors? Pages 330–332
The bronze doors of the abbey church at Hildesheim are covered in Biblical Images. Most of the images depict adam and eve being banned from eden. They also depict the redemption of humanity through the suffering of Jesus Christ. The Doors were hevily influenced by Christianity, and were surely a huge contrversey during the time period in which they were built.

5. Compare and contrast Carolingian and Ottonian architecture. Consider the development and evolution in architectural styles and attendant sculptural programs. Use specific examples to support your essay.

6. Pages 324–330

Carolingian architecture featured the first vaulted building to be built in the area. They had a very simplistic geometric deisgn that worked very well. Ottonian architecture copied The Carolingian form. One example of Ottonians copying Carolingian form is the Abbey Church.

Extra Credit

Compare and contrast the Utrecht Psalter with the Lectionary of Henry II. Discuss the subject and the execution. Also consider the period of each work as well as the individual patron of each work. Pages 311, 323–324, 335–336

The Utrecht psalter depicts the 23^rd pslam through pictures and writing. The lectionary of henry II was made about 200 years after, and contains no writing. The lectionary was created when it was acceptable to depict Christianity in Art.